Yellow discoloration of the brain parenchyma, most prominent in the basal ganglia and hippocampus (circle), is due to bilirubin accumulation associated with excess circulating bilirubin. The transition between postnatal/neonatal hemoglobin to hemoglobin A is often associated with jaundice caused by a transient increase in bilirubin which is in normal physiological ranges. However hemolytic disease of the new born (e.g. blood type incompatibility) may lead to excess bilirubin which in turn will results in accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain which can cause severe neurologic damage.
（See also section 24→）

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